Super chargers
Superchargers are pressure boosting devices which supplies air at high pressure to the engine. It is driven by the engine itself & power is transmitted via a friction belt to the device.
The power is utilized by the device(compressor) to compress the air & then delivers the pressurized air to the engine via intake manifold. Various types of supercharger such as centrifugal type, root’s type & vane type are available in the market.
Turbochargers
Turbochargers have the same function as supercharger except that they don’t draw power from the engine. Turbochargers get their power from exhaust gases. The engine produces huge amount of exhaust gases carrying enormous heat energy. This energy usually gets wasted since they are released directly to atmosphere.
Turbochargers utilize this energy by letting the exhaust gases pass through a turbine. The turbine produces work which drives a compressor. The compressor then compresses air & supplies it to the engine at high pressure.
Turbo vs Supercharger: pros and cons
Each method of forced induction has its pros and cons. While a supercharger provides immediate boost, fuel economy does suffer compared with a turbocharger that is inactive at low revs (turbo lag) or at idle.
Compared with turbochargers, superchargers are easier to install and (generally) do not require an intercooler. This is because supercharges do not heat the compressed air as much as a turbo. Turbochargers can sometimes provide too much boost, which damages an engine. A waste gates removes excess boost which protects an engine.
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